Impact of water deficit stress on growth and yield responses of rice plant
Keywords:
AWD, Growth, Yield, Rice , PlantAbstract
The impact of climate change causes farmers to use less water for rice farming which uses less water becomes quite widely accepted and practiced in many rice producing countries. The purpose of this article is to evaluate both the positive and negative effects of traditional rice farming with continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD), on growth and rice yield responses. AWD enables the rice plants to have high water use efficiency with 50% water use reduction and to increase rice yield up to 17% compared to CF, which may be due to higher root mass and expansion to find water and other nutrients under AWD system, leading to increased tillers, higher harvest index, increased grain weight and increased higher yield as well as increased number of panicles per hill, number of grain per panicle and filled grain per panicle, but lower biological yield compared to CF. In addition, AWD reduces the amount of methane emission into the atmosphere and the arsenic accumulation in rice grain by up to 50% and 68%, respectively. Results from this study indicates that, rice planting with continuous flooding (CF) may not be necessary, whereas AWD practice with suitable water stress level, especially during the critical period, would result in better rice growth and yield.
Downloads
References
Bounman, B. A. M., and Tuong T. P. (2000). Field Water management to save water and increase in productivity in irrigated lowland rice. Agricultural Water Management, 1615, 1-20.
Carrijo, D. R., Akbar, A., Reis, A. F. B., Gaudin, A. C. M., Parikh, S. J., Green, P. G., and Linquist, B. A. (2018). Impacts of variable soil drying in alternate wetting and drying rice systems on yields. Grain arsenic concentration and soil moisture dynamics. Field Crops Research, 222, 101-110.
Dinesh, D., Campbell, B. M., Findji, O. B., and Richards, M. (2017). Alternate wetting and drying in rice systems. Wageningen University & Research. Lumen building. Netherlands, pp. 71.
Hendry, C., Hardke, J., Krutz, J., and Massey, J. (2017). Using Alternate Wetting & Drying (AWD) Rice Flood Management. Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Mississipi State of America, pp. 5
Jennings, P. R., Coffman, W. R., and Kauffman, H. E. (1979). Rice Improvement. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Laguma, Philippines, pp. 89.
Lahue, G. T., Chaney, R. L., Borbe, M. A. A and Linquist, B. A. (2016). Alternate wetting and drying in high yielding direct seeded rice systems accomplishes multiple environmental and agronomic objectives. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment, 229, 30-39.
Liang, K., Zhong, X., Huang, N., Lampayan, R. M., Pan, J., Tian, K., and Liua, Y. (2016). Grain Yield, water productivity and CH4 emission of irrigated rice in response to water management in south China, Agricultural Water Management, 163, 319-331.
Majeed, A., Saleem, M., Jalil, S., Abbas, S. H., and Hayat, A. (2017). Water saving rice production using alternate wetting and drying technique in rice based cropping system in sindh, Pakistan. Science, Technology and Development, 36, 30-35.
Nasir, A., Shahriar, S., Rupa, W. S., Mehraj, H., and UDDIN, A. F. M. J., (2014). Alternate wetting and drying Irrigation system on growth and yield of hybrid BORO rice. Soil Nature 7, 28-35.
Oliver, M.M.H., M.S.U.Talukder and Ahmed, M. (2008). Alternate wetting and drying irrigation for rice cultivation. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6, 409–414.
Rahman, M. R., and Bulbul, S. H. (2014). Effect of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation for boro rice cultivation in Bangladesh. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 3, 86-92.
Rejesus, R. M., Palis, F. G., Rodriguez, D. G. P., Lampayan, R. M., and Bouman, B. A. M. (2011). Impact of the alternate wetting and drying (AWD) water saving irrigation technique: Evidence from rice producers in the Philippines. Science Direct, Food Policy, 36, 280–288.
Richards, M., and Sander, B. O. (2014). Alternate wetting and drying in irrigated rice. The CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), pp. 6.
Rodrigues, J., Inzé, D., Nelissen, H., and Saibo, N. J. M. (2019). Source–sink regulation in crops under water deficit. Trends in Plant Science, 24, 10-1016.
Takayoshi, Y., Tuan, L. M., and Kazunori, M. (2016). Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) Irrigation technology uptake in rice paddies of the mekong delta and yokoyama shigeki. Asian and African Area Studies, 15, 234-256.
Yang, J., Zhou, Q., and Zhang, J. (2017). Moderate wetting and drying increases rice yielding and reduces water use, grain arsenic level, and methane emission. ScienceDirect, 51-158.
Yoshida, S. (1981). Fundamentals of Rice Crop Science. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines, pp. 277.
Zhang, H., Li, H., Yuan, L., Wang, Z., Yang, J., and Zhang, J. (2011). Post anthesis alternate wetting and moderate soil drying enhances activities of key enzymes in sucrose to starch conversion in inferior spikelet’s of rice. Experimental Botany, 63, 215–227.
Zhang, Y., Tang, Q., Peng, S., Xing, D., Qin, J., L, R. C., and Punzalan, B. R. (2012). Water use efficiency and physiological response of rice cultivars under alternate wetting and drying conditions. The Scientific World Journal, 10, 1-10.
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Bounsuan Phomvongsa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
