A Political Perspective Study of Human Rights in the Bani of Guru Nanak Dev Ji

Abstract

A profound exposition of human rights, particularly political rights, can be found in the Bani of Guru Nanak Dev Ji. At a time when society was deeply afflicted by religious orthodoxy, caste discrimination, and political oppression, he delivered a powerful message of humanity, equality, and justice. His teachings reflect the proclamation of fundamental rights such as individual freedom, equality, the right to expression, and justice. The verse “Ek Noor Te Sab Jag Upjya” (From the One Divine Light, the entire world has emerged) powerfully reinforces the ideals of unity and equality among all human beings. Guru Nanak regarded political authority and governance as instruments for public welfare and raised his voice against injustice and exploitation. This study is based on qualitative, descriptive, and analytical methods, drawing upon passages from the Guru Granth Sahib and other relevant texts to examine the humanistic and political dimensions of his teachings. In conclusion, it becomes evident that the Bani of Guru Nanak Dev Ji is not merely a body of religious instruction but a profound expression of democratic and humanistic consciousness. His teachings resonate strongly with the principles enshrined in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and continue to serve as a guiding force for contemporary social, political, and ethical thought.